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Elevated antibody to D-alanyl lipoteichoic acid indicates caries experience associated with fluoride and gingival health
Background Acidogenic, acid-tolerant bacteria induce dental caries and require D-alanyl glycerol lipoteichoic acid (D-alanyl LTA) on their cell surface. Because fluoride inhibits acid-mediated enamel demineralization,…
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Updated Oct 29, 2026