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Phorbol ester impairs electrical excitation of rat pancreatic beta-cells through PKC-independent activation of K
Background Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is often used as an activating phorbol ester of protein kinase C (PKC) to investigate the roles of the kinase in cellular functions. Accumulating lines of evidence…
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Updated Oct 29, 2026